Severe acute respiratory virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is the pathogen that initiated the global pandemic declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020. Multiple mammalian species, including certain cervids, are susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
The COVID-19 pandemic is marked by the successive emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, lineages, and sublineages that outcompete earlier strains, largely due to factors like increased transmissibility and immune escape. We propose DeepAutoCoV, an unsupervised deep learning anomaly detection system, to predict future dominant lineages (FDLs).
Epidemic data are often difficult to interpret due to inconsistent detection and reporting. As these data are critically relied upon to inform policy and epidemic projections, understanding reporting trends is similarly important. Early reporting of the COVID-19 pandemic in particular is complicated, due to changing diagnostic and testing protocols
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has proposed administering annual SARS-CoV-2 vaccines. To evaluate the effectiveness of an annual SARS-CoV-2 vaccination campaign, quantify the health and economic benefits of a second dose provided to children younger than 2 years and adults aged 50 years or older, and optimize the timing of a second dose.
The impact of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) on the pharmacokinetics/dynamics (PK/PD) of beta-lactam antibiotics have not been well studied in general, but cefepime specifically has the least amount of data. We aimed to investigate whether ECMO alters the PK of cefepime in adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
As COVID-19 swept across the globe, increased ventilation and implementation of air cleaning were emphasized by the US CDC and WHO as important strategies to reduce the risk of inhalation exposure to the virus.
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by high levels of immune evasion. The most recently emerged subvariants, BQ.1.1 and XBB, have been shown to effectively evade immunity generated by vaccines, including bivalent formulations designed specifically to target Omicron BA.5.
The emergence of lethal coronaviruses follows a periodic pattern which suggests a recurring cycle of outbreaks. It remains uncertain as to when the next lethal coronavirus will emerge, though its eventual emergence appears to be inevitable. New mutations in evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants have provided resistance to current antiviral drugs, monoclonal antibodies, and vaccines, reducing their therapeutic efficacy.
SARS-CoV-2 subverts host cell processes to facilitate rapid replication and dissemination, and this leads to pathological inflammation. We posit that future screens of approved or new partner drugs should prioritize compounds that effectively counter SARS-CoV-2 subversion of lipid metabolism.
Human mobility patterns changed greatly due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite many analyses investigating general mobility trends, there has been less work characterising changes in mobility on a fine spatial scale and developing frameworks to model these changes.
