Tuberculous meningitis (TB meningitis) is the most devastating form of tuberculosis (TB) and is common in young and HIV-infected individuals, especially in TB endemic countries. Current treatment regimens have been based on those used for pulmonary TB and have not been adequately optimized for TB meningitis.
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease of public health concern caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). The disease has a global presence with an incidence of about 10.6 million cases per annum but is more prevalent in low- to middle-income countries.
Mucosal surfaces are barrier sites that protect the body from the outside environment. They have developed mechanisms to handle microbiota-associated triggers while remaining responsive to pathogens.
The number of individuals infected with dengue virus (DENV) ranges from 100 to 400 million per year primarily in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. A substantial proportion of DENV transmission occurs in and around the home, with infections having a high likelihood of being spatiotemporally correlated.
Rapidly evolving bacterial pathogens pose a unique challenge for long term plant disease management. In this study, we investigated the types and rate of mutations in bacterial populations during seasonal disease epidemics.
Spatial repellents are a nascent product class that holds significant promise for mosquito and other public health vector control. Spatial repellents involve a volatile repellent or toxic chemistry that can be rapidly and easily deployed into an area via passive or active emanator. Recently enormous efforts have been made to highlight the efficacy of spatial repellent pyrethroids as field viable disease-prevention tools.
Citrus canker, caused by Xanthomonas citri pv. citri (Xcc), ranks among the most important plant diseases globally. Xcc infects leaves, fruit and stems, giving rise to canker lesions, twig dieback, leaf and fruit drop, as well as tree decline, resulting in reduced yield, and quality.
Tuberculosis is a leading cause of death among persons with HIV (PWH). Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and initiation of antiretroviral therapy are critical to preventing progression to active tuberculosis.
Diarrheal diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among children in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although the number of diarrheal deaths globally has decreased over recent years, appropriate and prompt treatment of diarrheal diseases remains a priority.
The Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has been characterized by high levels of immune evasion. The most recently emerged subvariants, BQ.1.1 and XBB, have been shown to effectively evade immunity generated by vaccines, including bivalent formulations designed specifically to target Omicron BA.5.
